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Detail
from a 1800 watercolor by William Birch of stone
cutters at work at the Capitol. Many of the same
workmen and craftsmen also had worked on the White
House - Library of Congress
Inventories of the tools in the stonecutting sheds
suggest that some of the stone was sawed, a technique
that bypassed usual tooling used to "finish"
the stone's surface. The cut resulted in two stones,
each with a smooth face. This had particular advantages
in cutting ashlar, for only one face had to be exposed.
Another plus was that it could be accomplished by
unskilled labor under direction. Even at best it
was a long, tedious process. The saw, unserrated,
had a sharp copper or iron blade fixed in a heavy
wooden frame. One or two men worked the saw, while
another poured wet sand into the cut. To speed completion
of the house, "composition ornaments"
bought in Baltimore, made of plaster of Paris and
reinforced with wire, were used as the moldings
and the plasterwork decoration on the house's interior
- architraves, friezes, cornices, and chimneypieces.
Source: William Seale, The President's House, 69-70, 76.
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